Busia Confronts Child Labour: Gains Made, but Exploitation Persists

Busia County, Kenya: Stakeholders in Busia County report progress in combating child labour, yet deep-seated issues like poverty, weak enforcement, and low awareness of children’s rights continue to enable exploitation.

Magdalene Mwoki, Country Director of Terres des Hommes Netherlands, explained that the Action Against Child Labour programme, launched in 2022, targets the root causes of the problem. “Key drivers include household poverty, low awareness of rights, weak law enforcement, and, in some cases, parental pressure pushing children into exploitation,” she said.

The initiative focuses on systemic change through community empowerment, awareness campaigns, and economic support for families. “We have empowered children to understand their rights, worked with families, and engaged duty-bearers to ensure laws are implemented,” Mwoki added.

A major concern is the secretive, organised exploitation along the northern transport corridor. Mwoki revealed that research shows over 60% of children reached by the programme are engaged in child labour, with girls often exploited in bars, restaurants, and lodgings, while boys are involved in street businesses and sand harvesting. Poverty remains the primary driver.

Government officials echoed the call for collaboration. Philip Nzenge from the State Department for Children Services noted that Busia, Kilifi, and Kitui counties report the highest cases. “When children are in labour, they cannot achieve their full potential. Partnerships are critical,” he stated, urging stakeholders, including the media, to intensify awareness campaigns.

Patrick Mukolwe, Teso North Sub-county Children Officer, highlighted positive outcomes from current collaborations, such as increased school enrolment and children’s growing confidence to report violations. “However, neglect remains a challenge, and more sensitisation is needed,” he said, emphasising the need to involve fathers in protection programmes to strengthen families.

A multi-sectoral approach was recommended by Mourine Ochieng of Investing in Children and Their Societies, involving ministries from health to education. The consensus is clear: while foundations have been laid, sustained and collective action is essential to protect every child in Busia from exploitation.